Shabbat Day Kiddush (Kiddusha Rabba) קידוש יום שבת
Said on Shabbat morning after prayers, before the second Shabbat meal, over wine or another important drink.
What it means
Verses about keeping Shabbat as an eternal covenant and remembering the Shabbat day, followed by the blessing over wine.
Summary (our own explanation, not a translation)
Notes
- One should not eat or drink on Shabbat morning before Kiddush (after prayers).
- The core is the blessing over wine; the verses (Veshamru, Zachor) vary by custom.
- Sephardim open with Psalm 23 (Mizmor LeDavid).
Hebrew text
מִזְמוֹר לְדָוִד, יְהֹוָה רֹעִי לֹא אֶחְסָר: בִּנְאוֹת דֶּשֶׁא יַרְבִּיצֵנִי, עַל מֵי מְנֻחוֹת יְנַהֲלֵנִי: נַפְשִׁי יְשׁוֹבֵב, יַנְחֵנִי בְּמַעְגְּלֵי צֶדֶק לְמַעַן שְׁמוֹ: גַּם כִּי אֵלֵךְ בְּגֵיא צַלְמָוֶת לֹא אִירָא רָע כִּי אַתָּה עִמָּדִי, שִׁבְטְךָ וּמִשְׁעַנְתֶּךָ הֵמָּה יְנַחֲמֻנִי: תַּעֲרֹךְ לפָנַי | שֻׁלְחָן נֶגֶד צֹרְרָי, דִּשַׁנְתָּ בַשֶּׁמֶן רֹאשִׁי כּוֹסִי רְוָיָה: אַךְ | טוֹב וָחֶסֶד יִרְדּפוּנִי כָּל יְמֵי חַיָּי, וְשַׁבְתִּי בְּבֵית יְהֹוָה לְאֹרֶךְ יָמִים:
אִם תָּשִׁיב מִשַּׁבָּת רַגְלֶךָ, עֲשׂוֹת חֲפָצֶךָ בְּיוֹם קָדְשִׁי, וְקָרָאתָ לַשַּׁבָּת עֹנֶג לִקְדוֹשׁ יְהֹוָה מְכֻבָּד, וְכִבַּדְתּוֹ מֵעֲשׂוֹת דְּרָכֶיךָ, מִמְּצוֹא חֶפְצְךָ וְדַבֵּר דָּבָר: אָז תִּתְעַנַּג עַל יְהֹוָה וְהִרְכַּבְתִּיךָ עַל בָּמֳתֵי אָרֶץ, וְהַאֲכַלְתִּיךָ נַחֲלַת יַעֲקֹב אָבִיךָ כִּי פִּי יְהֹוָה דִּבֵּר:
וְשָׁמְרוּ בְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת הַשַּׁבָּת, לַעֲשׂוֹת אֶת הַשַּׁבָּת לְדֹרֹתָם בְּרִית עוֹלָם: בֵּינִי וּבֵין בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אוֹת הִיא לְעֹלָם, כִּי שֵׁשֶׁת יָמִים עָשָׂה יְהֹוָה אֶת הַשָּׁמַיִם וְאֶת הָאָרֶץ וּבַיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי שָׁבַת וַיִּנָּפַשׁ: עַל כֵּן בֵּרַךְ יְהֹוָה אֶת יוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת וַיְקַדְשֵׁהוּ:
ואומר המקדש ואפילו אם מקדש כשהוא לבד
סַבְרֵי מָרָנָן:
ועונים:
לְחַיִּים:
בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה יְהֹוָה, אֱלֹהֵינוּ מֶלֶךְ הָעוֹלָם, בּוֹרֵא פְּרִי הַגֶּפֶן:
ושותה רביעית או מלוא לוגמיו ויתן לכל המסובין, ואחר כך יטול ידיו מעומד, ויברך "על נטילת ידיים" ויברך "המוציא לחם מן הארץ" ויבצע על שני כיכרות כנזכר בליל שבת.
Transliteration (Sephardic pronunciation)
Generated automatically from the vocalized Hebrew (Sephardic / modern Israeli pronunciation); it is an aid to reading and may differ slightly from your community's pronunciation.
Mizmor ledavid, Adonai ro'i lo echsar. Binot deshe yarbitzeni, al mei menuchot yenahaleni. Nafshi yeshovev, yancheni bema'gelei tzedek lema'an shemo. Gam ki elech begei tzalmavet lo ira ra ki ata imadi, shivtecha umishantecha hema yenachamuni. Ta'aroch lfanai | shulchan neged tzorrai, dishanta vashemen roshi kosi revaya. Ach | tov vachesed yirdfuni kol yemei chayai, veshavti beveit Adonai le'orech yamim.
Im tashiv mishabat raglecha, asot chafatzecha beyom kadshi, vekarata lashabat oneg likdosh Adonai mechubad, vechibadto me'asot derachecha, mimetzo cheftzecha vedaber davar. Az titanag al Adonai vehirkavticha al bamotei aretz, veha'achalticha nachalat ya'akov avicha ki pi Adonai diber.
Veshamru venei yisra'el et hashabat, la'asot et hashabat ledorotam berit olam. Beini uvein benei yisra'el ot hi le'olam, ki sheshet yamim asa Adonai et hashamayim ve'et ha'aretz uvayom hashevi'i shavat vayinafash. Al ken berach Adonai et yom hashabat vaykadshehu.
Savrei maranan.
Lechayim.
Baruch ata Adonai, eloheinu melech haolam, bore peri hagefen.
English translation
Translation of the biblical passages (JPS 1917) and of the blessing over wine.
Psalm 23
A Psalm of David. The LORD is my shepherd; I shall not want. He maketh me to lie down in green pastures; He leadeth me beside the still waters. He restoreth my soul; He guideth me in straight paths for His name's sake. Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for Thou art with me; Thy rod and Thy staff, they comfort me. Thou preparest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies; Thou hast anointed my head with oil; my cup runneth over. Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life; And I shall dwell in the house of the LORD for ever.
Exodus 31:16–17
Wherefore the children of Israel shall keep the sabbath, to observe the sabbath throughout their generations, for a perpetual covenant. It is a sign between Me and the children of Israel for ever; for in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, and on the seventh day He ceased from work and rested.’
Exodus 20:8–11
Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work; but the seventh day is a sabbath unto the LORD thy God, in it thou shalt not do any manner of work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy man-servant, nor thy maid-servant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates; for in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested on the seventh day; wherefore the LORD blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it.
Blessed are You, L·rd, Our G·d, King of the Universe, Who creates fruit of the vine.
Frequently asked questions
- Can the day Kiddush be made over something other than wine?
- Many allow an important drink (chamar medina) such as spirits. Customs differ between communities; for practical questions ask your rabbi.
- Why is it called Kiddusha Rabba (the great Kiddush)?
- It is a euphemistic name: the day Kiddush is in fact shorter than the night Kiddush.
- Must it be followed by a meal?
- Yes, Kiddush is made where one eats, followed by bread or at least some mezonot food.
Sources and licences
- Hebrew text: סידור עדות המזרח, מהדורת תורת אמת (Torat Emet 357), כפי שהועלה לספריא (Sefaria) – נחלת הכלל (Public Domain).
- Translation: The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917), via Sefaria – Public Domain.
- Translation: Siddur Edot HaMizrach – Sefaria Community Translation – CC0.
- Transliteration: generated automatically by this site.
- Introduction, notes, summary and FAQ: original text of this site.
This prayer on our Hebrew site · All prayers
For learning and general information only. Customs differ between communities; for halachic questions ask your rabbi.